Chimney-cap and ventilator.



No. 793,423. PATENTED JUNE 27, 1905.

' T. H. GRAHAN.

CHIMNEY GAP AND VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. a, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 PATENTED JUNE 27, 1905.

T. H. GRAHAN.

CHIMNEY GAP AND VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NITED STATES Patented June 27, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

CHIMNEY-CAP AND VENTILATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 793,423, dated June 27, 1905.

Application filel March 3, 1.904. Serial No. 196,419.

To (all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THoMAs HENRY CRAI-IAN, acitizen of the United States, residing atNorth Java, county of Wyoming, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Chimney-Caps and Ventilators, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to chimney caps and ventilators.

Chimneys and ventilators located on roofs that are lower than the surrounding buildings, trees, or other roofs or objects become airbound on account of the eddying irregular downward and adverse currents of air, which cause a downdraft in chimneys, causing the smoke to be forced back and into the room, and ventilators are rendered very defective on this account. To obviate this objection, it has been proposed to extend the height of the chimney or the ventilator-pipe upward, so that the chimney-cap or ventilator will be at a proper height; but this method of overcoming the defect is necessarily expensive and not always successful, while it gives an unstable construction on accountof the relatively great height.

It has been proposed heretofore to prevent this downdraft occasioned by the eddying aircurrents and their shifting from point to point of the compass; but such prior devices having this object in view have not, so far as I am aware, proven entirely successful under all conditions.

The object of my invention is to provide a chimney-cap or ventilator of improved and novel form which will absolutely prevent downdraft in the ventilator or chimney regardless of the direction in which the wind is blowing, the position or height of adjacent objects, such as buildings and trees, and the manner in which all of the varying air-currents will be utilized to assist any updraft in the chimney, flue, or ventilator; and the invention also contemplates the provision of a chimneyeap adapted for manufacture in finished form at the factory or in knockdown form, so that it may be brought into more compact arrangement for shipment, thus lessening the transportation charges.

To accomplish the foregoing objects, I provide achimney-cap or ventilator of improved and novel form, the preferred constructions of which are set forth fully hereinafter and disclosed in the accompanying drawings, while the novel features of the invention are recited in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the chimney-cap; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section on line 2 2 of Fig. 4; Fig. 3, a horizontal section on line 3 3 of Fig. 4:; Fig. 4, an end elevation; Fig. 5, a transverse section on line 5 5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6, details of an improved joint which may be employed for fastening the different parts of the chimney-cap together as a substitute for bolts or rivets; Fig. 7, a side elevation of the ventilator, and Fig. 8 a horizontal section therethrough.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, the shell of the chimney-cap is shown at 1, the same having a tubular body and downwardly-extending side flanges 2. The end flanges 3 are connected to the side flanges and to the body by bolts or other fastenings, but preferably by the form of joint shown in Fig. 6, where a slot 4 is made in one part and a tongue 5 is struck up from the other part and inserted through the slot and bent down, this construction being cheap and capable of easy attachment to assemble the cap at destination. The ends 3 have flanges 6, which extend in under the body and are fastened to the bottom 7 thereof, while the extremities of the ends lap over the outside or under the inside of the side flanges 2 and are fastened thereto. Extending from end to end substantially centrally of the body 1 is a draft-tube 8, to whose ends disk-shaped or concave disks 9 are connected, said disks 9 having braces 10 detachably connecting them to the end flanges 3. Extending partly over the ends of the body 1 and projecting beyond said ends are shields 11, having feet 12, secured to the top of the ledges 9 of the body by a detachable fastening, such as shown in Fig. 6, these shields being arranged somewhat eccentrically to the body and separated therefrom by the air-space 13, While the outer edges of the shields are separated from the inner faces of the disks 9 by the air-space 14', which is smaller in size than the air-space 13. Brackets 15 are fas tened to the body and to the tops of the shields and to the upper portions of the disks 9 in a detachable manner. The flanges 2 and 3 form a rectangular socket to fit over the upper end of the chimney, to which the device may be secured in any preferred manner, the chimney-cap thus provided preventing access of rain or snow to the interior of the chimney, and thus obviating the crumbling of the mortar which would otherwise occur.

Referring now to Figs. 7 and 8, the construction of the ventilator therein shown is in substance the same as the chimney-cap; but the ventilator is preferably not made of knockdown construction and the parts are permanently secured together. The body 1 of the ventilator is of circular plinth-like form surmounted by a closed conical top 16, and below the body is a tubular portion 17 for attaching the ventilator in position. Instead of employing a single draft-tube 8, as with the chimney-cap, by preference one or more additional draft-tubes are employed and all of them are joined at their crossing-point 18, so that all are in communication. It will be understood, however, that any number of draft tubes or pipes can be used on either the chimney-cap or the ventilator. In the ventilator shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the body has tubular extensions 19, which project therefrom nearly to the inner faces of the disks.

The operation of both the chimney-cap and the ventilator is the same. The draft tube or tubes 8, extending completely through the body from side to side thereof, change the irregular currents of air which may be eddying around the ventilator or chimney-cap or reversing in direction rapidly into a uniform current in the immediate vicinity of the chimney cap or ventilator and relieve the air-bound condition of the flue. The heated air or smoke coming up the flue, ventilating-pipe, or chimney passes into the body of the device and by warming the d raft-tube 8 tends to increase the passage of air through said tube, and the heated air or smoke passing out from the body issues through the air-space 14, and the draft passing through the air-space 13 under the shield mingles with the heated air or smoke and creates a strong draft which draws off the smoke or heated air, especially because the air-space 13 is of greater capacity than the air-space 14:. The air or smoke will at times issue from the air-space 13, and the draft will enter through air-space 14 and mingle with the smoke. The shield 11 prevents the outer air from obstructing the exit of the heated air or smoke through the airspace 13. Consequently it matters not how the outer air-currents or wind may be circulating around the ventilator or chimney-cap nor how rapidly they may reverse their directions it is impossible for them to drive the smoke or heated air back into the flue or chimney, and by actual test with a chimney-cap constructed according to my invention I have found that under varying conditions the smoke or heated air will in no instance be driven back into the chimney or flue, and though the outer air-currents may be blowing directly down upon the body of the device or directly toward the face of any disk thereof the smoke or heated air will issue from all of the spaces 13 in seemingly equal volume and force.

While the chimney-cap or ventilator is preferably constructed of sheet metal, it can as well be made of cast-iron or other suitable material in whole or in part. The parts are stationary, and hence not liable to wear out, as is the case with ventilators having parts moved by the drafts or air-currents.

I wish it understood that the tube 8 can be of any form in cross-section, as round, square, or otherwise shaped.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. A chimney-cap or ventilator comprising a body having an open portion connected with the flue, a supplemental draft-tube rigidly secured to the body and open at both ends extending completely through and projecting beyond said, body and independent of communication with the flue, and baffles secured to the outer portions of said draft-tube.

2. A chimney-cap or ventilator comprising a body having an open portion connected with the flue, a supplemental draft-tube rigidly secured to the body and open at both ends extending completely through and projecting beyond said body and independent of communication with the flue, and baffles secured to the outer portions of said draft-tube, said baffles being located adjacent the end portions of the body and separated therefrom, said end portion of the body being open.

3. A chimney-cap or ventilator comprising a body having open portions, one of which is connected with the flue, a supplemental drafttube rigidly secured to the body and open at both ends extending completely through the other open portions in the body and independent of communication with the flue, and baflies secured to the outer portions of said draft-tube, said baffles being located adjacent the other open portions of the body and separated therefrom and larger in size than the last-mentioned open portion in the body.

4:. A chimney-cap or ventilator comprising a body having open portions, baflies located adjacent said open portions and separated therefrom, shields adjacent the open portions of the body and separated therefrom and also separated from the battles, and a draft-tube extendingthrough the body and having its ends opening through the baffles.

5. A chimney-cap or ventilator comprising a body having open portions, a draft-tube extending through the body, dished or concave In testimony whereof I hereunto alfix my disks connected to the ends of the draft-tube signature in presence of two witnesses. and separated from the body, and shields separ 1 rated from the body and from the disks, the lHOMAS HENRY (JRAHAN' spaces between the shields and the body being Witnesses:

larger than the spaces between the shields and J. H. HERMAN,

the disks. GEO. D. CoeswELL. 

